Added various posts.

know-how/software/_posts/2008-07-15-drkaiser-pcconsole.md

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+---
+title: Dr. Kaiser PcConsole
+layout: default
+created: 2008-07-15 00:22:10 +0200
+updated: 2008-07-15 22:04:16 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+---
+**Homepage:** <http://www.dr-kaiser.eu/>
+
+To make locking the workstation impossible, kill `PdsLspSv.exe` in Task Manager.
+
+`HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\PdsLsp\Flags`
+
+This value controls locking Internet upon bootup (only, if the LehrerConsole isn't working).

know-how/software/_posts/2009-01-04-parchive.md

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+---
+title: PArchive
+layout: default
+created: 2009-01-04 01:50:40 +0100
+updated: 2009-01-04 01:50:40 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+---
+**Homepage:** [sourceforge.net](http://parchive.sourceforge.net/)
+
+From the homepage:
+
+> The original idea behind this project was to provide a tool to apply the data-recovery capability concepts of
+> RAID-like systems to the posting and recovery of multi-part archives on Usenet.
+
+Parchive can be used to add recovery records to e.g. a DVD. How to do this is described on [Mike West's blog](http://mikewest.org/2008/01/safegarding-your-data-with-parchive).
+Basically, you will create PAR files using the command:
+
+    par2create -s262144 -r10 [NameOfParFile.par2] [FilesToRead]
+
+You can then later recover broken files using
+
+    par2repair [NameOfParFile.par2]
+
+
+GUI Clients
+===========
+
+
+Windows
+-------
+
+* [QuickPar](http://parchive.sourceforge.net/#clients)
+* [SmartPar](http://parchive.sourceforge.net/#clients)
+
+
+Linux
+-----
+
+* [gpar2](http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=30568&package_id=171020)
+* [pypar2](http://pypar2.silent-blade.org/)
+* [tkpar](http://parchive.sourceforge.net/#clients)

know-how/software/_posts/2009-02-02-codestar.md

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+---
+title: CodeStar
+layout: default
+created: 2009-02-02 21:59:35 +0100
+updated: 2009-02-02 21:59:35 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - encryption
+---
+**Homepage:** [codestar.de](http://www.codestar.de/)
+
+There's a software called *CodeStar* which [claims to use the RSA-algorithm](http://www.codestar.de/html/menu/startseite_s2_frameset.html)
+to encrypt up to 8 of your passwords using a single password (you should remember). It then lets you print out a
+colourful card which is the size of a credit card for you to have all your important passwords at hand when you're on
+the road.
+
+The bad thing: There's nothing encrypted. You just have to think of a password which consists of different letters.
+Then you type up to 8 different passwords which can be up to the length of your master password. These passwords are
+printed around the letters of your master password, e.g. the first letter of the first password is printed to the top
+left of the first letter of your master password. The 1st letter of the second password is printed to the top of the
+1st letter of the master password and so on. The unused fields are filled with random data.
+
+This then looks like this:
+
+![]({{ site.url }}/assets/cskartenbildklein.gif)
+
+So let's say your master password is `LINUXMASTER` (no duplicate letters allowed!) and your passwords or PINs are:
+`tEsT`, `secret`, `0815`, `4711` and `windowsuser`. To get one of the passwords, you'd follow the letters of your
+master password and find this: (random data omitted!)
+
+~~~
+ts0 Ee8 sc1 Tr5  e   t
+ L4  I7  N1  U1  X   M   A   S   T   E   R
+  w   i   n   d   o   w   s   u   s   e   r
+~~~
+
+Since I think 20€ for such a piece of software (which claims to use the [RSA-Alogrithm](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA)
+when it's not) is a bit too much, I spent 20-30 minutes in OpenOffice Calc and came up with this:
+
+![]({{ site.url }}/assets/codestarooo.png)
+
+**Download:** [codestar.ods]({{ site.url }}/assets/codestar.ods)

know-how/software/_posts/2009-02-02-microsoft-intellipoint.md

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+---
+title: Microsoft IntelliPoint
+layout: default
+created: 2009-02-02 21:23:07 +0100
+updated: 2009-02-02 21:23:07 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - microsoft
+  - intellipoint
+---
+**Download:** [microsoft.com](http://www.microsoft.com/hardware/download/download.aspx?category=MK)
+
+
+Use with other mice
+===================
+
+After installation, find the file `point32.inf` in the `C:\Program Files\Microsoft IntelliPoint\` folder. Copy one of
+the `HID_Filtr_Inst`-lines and change the PnP-ID to that of your mouse. E.g. my *Logitech V400* has `Vid_046D&Pid_C518`
+and with its 2 additional buttons and the 4-way-scrollwheel it's comparable with the *Wireless Laser Mouse 6000*.
+
+If you take a look at the `point32.inf`, you'll find this line near the end:
+
+{% highlight ini %}
+HID\Vid_045E&Pid_00F0.DeviceDesc="Microsoft USB Laser Mouse 6000 (IntelliPoint)"
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+so go back to the top and find the line:
+
+{% highlight ini %}
+%HID\Vid_045E&Pid_00F0.DeviceDesc%=HID_Filtr_Inst, HID\Vid_045E&Pid_00F0
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+Since the part before the equals sign is only the variable of the description from the end, you only need to change the
+part after the equals sign. So just copy this line and change the ID. For me it had to look like this:
+
+{% highlight ini %}
+%HID\Vid_045E&Pid_00F0.DeviceDesc%=HID_Filtr_Inst, HID\Vid_046D&Pid_C518
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+Now go to the *Device Manager* => *Mice*, right-click your mouse and choose *Update driver* => *Chose driver manually*.
+Select the IntelliPoint directory and you should see an entry "Microsoft USB Laser Mouse 6000 (IntelliPoint)". Install
+it and reboot. Done.
+
+The most interesting feature is the "[Instant View](http://www.microsoft.com/hardware/mouseandkeyboard/features/instantviewer.mspx)"
+(aka. Exposé) and maybe the [zoom feature](http://www.microsoft.com/hardware/mouseandkeyboard/features/magnify.mspx).
+Logitech's [SetPoint](http://www.logitech.com/index.cfm/428/144&cl=de,de?softwareid=671&osid=1) doesn't offer these
+features. But I watched the screen flickering every few seconds which might be because of IntelliPoint updating the
+thumbnails for "Instant View".
+
+Compared to *SetPoint*, the `ipoint.exe` only consumes 2,5 MiB RAM whereas SetPoint needs around 12,5 MiB. Also it
+brings the `KHALMNPR.exe` which consumes additional 6 MiB.
+
+Only problem for now: Horizontal scrolling doesn't work since it seems to be handled through SetPoint and IntelliPoint
+doesn't understand the signals of the Logitech mouse. Also you have to scroll the wheel 2-3 ticks before the object on
+screen starts the actual scrolling. OTOH the "Precision Enhancer" seems really useful for editing pictures.
+
+btw: For Exposé-feature, you can use [iEx](http://www.oxygen-inc.com/premium/InsaniSoft/iEx.htm) (contained in the
+*iEx Settings*-download). Or if you want to spend money, [TopDesk](http://www.otakusoftware.com/topdesk/) is a better
+alternative.

know-how/software/_posts/2009-02-08-qumana.md

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+---
+title: Qumana
+layout: default
+created: 2009-02-02 23:53:17 +0100
+updated: 2009-02-08 13:34:37 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+---
+**Homepage:** [qumana.com](http://www.qumana.com/)
+
+Qumana is a nice blog editor for Windows and Mac. But it is written in Java and thus should run on any platform.
+
+
+Running under Linux
+===================
+
+Download the Mac-Version (`.zip`) and unpack it. You'll find a directory `Qumana.app` which contains a directory
+`Contents` which contains a directory `Resources` which contains a directory `Java`. There you'll find a `Qumana.jar`
+and some more libraries and configuration files.
+
+Copy everything to `/opt/qumana`.
+
+Starting it with
+
+    java -jar Qumana.jar
+
+shows the splash screen and the blog-manager, where you can add your blog without problems. It even shows the last
+posts of your blog. But you'll crash it when trying to edit a posting or start a new one: The console shows several
+stack traces.
+
+The thing is: The problem doesn't really lie in Qumana but more in the *GtkLookAndFeel*. This seems to request various
+properties from the system which then flood the *HashTable* which is causing a *StackOverflow*. So you need to switch
+it to e.g. the `MetalLookAndFeel`.
+
+Usually you can force a Java application to a specific LAF by specifing `-Dswing.laf=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.metal.MetalLookAndFeel`
+as a parameter (might also be `swing.defaultlaf` or `swing.systemlaf`). This didn't work as Qumana queries all
+available LAFs itself and tries to make an intelligent decision. So the new task: How to get rid of the GtkLookAndFeel?
+
+After some Google'ing, I found [this thread](http://forums.java.net/jive/message.jspa?messageID=188506) in the
+java.net-forums where Scott Violet writes:
+
+> As you have found, we only return GTK as the system look and feel if you're running under GNOME. There's an
+> environment variable we look for that controls this.
+
+So which variable might the JRE look for? After looking at the output of `env`, it was obvious. The only variable
+pointing to Gnome was `GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID`. So try the following:
+
+    env -u GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID java -jar Qumana.jar
+
+Now Qumana starts in the MetalLookAndFeel and you can post new entries as well as edit old ones.
+
+To specify another LAF, use the following:
+
+    env -u GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID java -Dswing.systemlaf=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.nimbus.NimbusLookAndFeel -jar /opt/qumana/Qumana.jar
+
+But be warned that the NimbusLAF has display errors with Qumana.

know-how/software/_posts/2009-02-08-sony-virtual-expander.md

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+---
+title: SONY Virtual Expander
+layout: default
+created: 2009-02-02 01:47:01 +0100
+updated: 2009-02-08 14:29:52 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - sony
+---
+Virtual Expander is a software which is bundled with the following models:
+
+* [USM-E Plus](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-ep/index.html#download) (v1.03)
+* [USM-D Plus](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-dp/index.html#download) (v1.03)
+* [USM-JX](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-jx/dl.html) (v2.3)
+* [USM-H](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-h/dl.html) (v2.4)
+* [USM-J](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-j/dl.html) (v2.4)
+* [USM-L](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-l/dl.html) (v2.4)
+* [USM-LX](http://www.sony.net/Products/Media/Microvault/products/usm-lx/dl.html) (v2.4)
+
+The following information is based on the 1.x version since the 2.x was not available at the time I figured this out.
+But I guess it will work on that versions also.
+
+
+How it works
+============
+
+Basically, VE is a compression tool. It lets you manually compress files and adds the extension `.vem` to them. This
+extension is associated with the VE Decompressor. So if you double-click a `.vem`-file, it will decompress it and
+launch it right after that.
+
+While this works fine for single documents, it doesn't work for a program consisting of many different files as only
+the file you click is automatically decompressed and not all together. Also it doesn't recompress a file after use so
+it's not really more comfortable than using a regular compression program.
+
+The program activates itself if it detects a SONY USB drive based on its PnP-ID, like `USB\Vid_054c&Pid_0241`.
+
+
+Hacking the tool
+================
+
+The latest version, `VirtualExpander_v24.exe` contains the following strings hardcoded in Unicode starting at position
+`0x39a2c` (VendorID `054c` = *SONY*):
+
+* `USB\Vid_054c&Pid_0241`
+* `USB\Vid_054c&Pid_0242`
+* `USB\Vid_054c&Pid_0243`
+* `USB\Vid_054c&Pid_02a5`
+* `USB\Vid_054c&Pid_02a7`
+
+To make it work with ANY USB drive, just get the ID of your drive:
+
+1. go to *Control Panel* => *System* => *Advanced* => *Environment variables*
+1. add a new **System** variable `DevMgr_Show_Details` with the value "1"
+1. <kbd>OK</kbd> your way back to the Desktop
+1. open the Device Manager (make sure you closed the "System"-Control Panel before!)
+1. find your USB drive in the *USB* group and right-click => *Properties*
+1. find the ID on the new tab *Details*
+
+Now use your favorite Hex-editor and overwrite one of the SONY IDs with the PnP-ID of *YOUR* USB drive. That's all!
+
+(The v1.3 has 3 IDs starting at position `0x31950`.)

know-how/software/_posts/2009-02-15-opera.md

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+---
+title: Opera
+layout: default
+created: 2009-02-12 09:17:25 +0100
+updated: 2009-02-15 23:08:00 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - opera
+---
+**Homepage:** <http://www.opera.com/browser/>  
+**Development Blog:** <http://my.opera.com/desktopteam/blog/> (incl. Snapshots)
+
+
+Hide Trayicon
+=============
+
+To save space in the systray, you can run opera with the `-notrayicon` parameter.
+
+    opera -notrayicon
+
+
+Disable Mailsystem
+==================
+
+To save some memory footprint, you can disable the mail module in Opera.
+
+    opera -nomail
+
+
+Cleanup caches
+==============
+
+Opera accumulates several Megabytes on caches, esp. those, who don't cleanup themselves such as the favicon cache. Use
+this little script to clean up files which haven't been read in the past 14 days from the 3 dirs: `cache4`, `images`
+and `opcache`:
+
+{% highlight bash %}
+#!/bin/bash
+
+OPERADIR=~/.opera
+OPERACLEANDIRS="cache4 images opcache"
+
+for OPERACDIR in $OPERACLEANDIRS; do
+    DIR=$OPERADIR/$OPERACDIR
+    echo $DIR
+    find $DIR -atime +14 -exec rm {} \;
+done
+{% endhighlight %}

know-how/software/_posts/2009-03-05-moneyplex.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: Moneyplex
+layout: default
+created: 2009-03-05 23:44:43 +0100
+updated: 2009-03-05 23:44:43 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - money
+---
+* **Homepage:** [matrica.de](http://www.matrica.de/)
+
+Moneyplex is an online banking application especially for the German HBCI banking system.
+
+
+Umlauts in Ubuntu
+=================
+
+Since Ubuntu is fully UTF-8 for some time now (and Moneyplex isn't), you'll see strange things when using it: Some
+umlauts are replaced by question marks while others are printed fine.
+
+To get everything working, you have to generate an (old) ISO-8859-15 locale. To accomplish this, edit the file
+`/var/lib/locales/supported.d/de` and add the following line:
+
+    de_DE@euro ISO-8859-15
+
+Now run the following command to generate the new locale:
+
+{% highlight bash %}
+sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+Finally you have to edit the `~/moneyplex/start` script to use the new locale. Change the following two lines:
+
+{% highlight bash %}
+export LC_ALL=de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro
+export LANG=de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+Now you should see all umlauts correctly.

know-how/software/_posts/2009-03-30-microsoft-office-oem.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+title: Microsoft Office OEM
+layout: default
+created: 2009-03-30 12:26:11 +0200
+updated: 2009-03-30 12:26:11 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - microsoft
+  - office
+---
+Install Fujitsu-Siemens version
+===============================
+
+If you want to install a *Microsoft Office* and you happen to only have an OEM version from Fujitsu-Siemens, you'll
+notice that it refuses to install on any Non-FSC-PC. But after some peeking around on the CD, you'll find a
+suspiciously large file `Install\OFF_FSC.EXE` with around 250 MiB.
+
+Taking a look at it reveals something strange:
+
+~~~
+00000000 47 4F 4E 49 │ C3 91 0E 8A │ 69 A9 79 79 │ 5C 36 B8 1E  GONIÃ...i©yy\6¸.
+00000010 74 B0 52 C4 │ 64 20 8C C5 │ 13 A0 99 10 │ 27 7B 2E 27  t°RÄd .Å. ..'{.'
+00000020 6D 87 BF 73 │ 04 8A AC 32 │ 0A 84 03 A9 │ 46 98 BE 71  m.¿s..¬2...©F.¾q
+00000030 AC 61 32 5E │ BE 07 4C C8 │ B0 C1 95 92 │ 60 0B 08 4C  ¬a2^¾.LÈ°Á..`..L
+00000040 1B 5F A5 15 │ C3 23 45 C4 │ 3F 63 78 9E │ 4C 12 8E 06  ._¥.Ã#EÄ?cx.L...
+~~~
+
+This doesn't look like a normal `EXE` file, it's missing the typical `MZ` header. Also the following data looks
+encrypted, i.e. somewhat random.
+
+Somewhat below you'll find some strings which have to do with unpacking - so the file seems to be a crypted
+self-extracting archive.
+
+Going several pages further down, you'll find something familiar:
+
+~~~
+00009FE0 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00  ................
+00009FF0 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00  ................
+0000A000 4D 53 43 46 │ 00 00 00 00 │ 12 91 43 0E │ 00 00 00 00  MSCF......C.....
+0000A010 2C 00 00 00 │ 00 00 00 00 │ 03 01 01 00 │ 7E 00 00 00  ,...........~...
+0000A020 00 00 00 00 │ 5D 11 00 00 │ 5D 1D 01 00 │ C1 00 00 00  ....]...]...Á...
+0000A030 00 00 00 00 │ 00 00 0F 2F │ 2F 79 03 00 │ 41 55 54 4F  .......//y..AUTO
+0000A040 52 55 4E 2E │ 49 4E 46 00 │ 31 A8 19 00 │ C1 00 00 00  RUN.INF.1¨..Á...
+0000A050 00 00 0F 2F │ BA 58 03 00 │ 43 43 35 36 │ 31 34 30 31  .../ºX..CC561401
+0000A060 2E 43 41 42 │ 00 3A F1 04 │ 00 F2 A8 19 │ 00 00 00 0F  .CAB.:ñ..ò¨.....
+0000A070 2F BC 58 03 │ 00 43 44 35 │ 36 31 34 30 │ 31 2E 43 41  /¼X..CD561401.CA
+0000A080 42 00 F3 99 │ 1F 00 2C 9A │ 1E 00 00 00 │ 0F 2F C6 58  B.ó...,....../ÆX
+0000A090 03 00 43 46 │ 35 36 31 34 │ 30 31 2E 43 │ 41 42 00 C3  ..CF561401.CAB.Ã
+0000A0A0 C6 0A 00 1F │ 34 3E 00 00 │ 00 0F 2F CA │ 58 03 00 43  Æ...4>..../ÊX..C
+0000A0B0 4C 35 36 31 │ 34 30 31 2E │ 43 41 42 00 │ 9C CC 12 00  L561401.CAB..Ì..
+~~~
+
+`MSCF` stands for *MicroSoft CAB File*. It's a header for the standard `CAB` archives used to distribute software. The
+`AUTORUN.INF`, `CC561401.CAB`, etc. are also a clear sign that this seems to be the index of the archive. The letters
+`MSCF` are mentioned several times before this location but there was no file index near them. This one here is clearly
+a standard CAB file.
+
+So now take your favorite Hex-Editor and cut everything up to the `MSCF` header. The new file has to begin with `MSCF`.
+Rename it to something `.cab` and use your favorite archiving tool to unpack it. Et voilà!

know-how/software/_posts/2009-04-07-lighttpd.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+---
+title: LightTPD
+layout: default
+created: 2009-04-07 11:16:12 +0200
+updated: 2009-04-07 11:16:12 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - http
+  - lighttpd
+---
+Include wildcard configuration files
+====================================
+
+Lighty doesn't allow wildcarded inclusions of configuration files, but you can do a [little trick](http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1221)
+using the `include_shell` command:
+
+~~~
+include_shell "cat /etc/lighttpd/conf.d/*conf"
+
+# more elegant
+include_shell "find /etc/lighttpd/conf.d -maxdepth 1 -name '*.conf' -exec cat {} \;"
+~~~

know-how/software/_posts/2009-05-17-skype-to-sip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+---
+title: Skype <=> SIP Interlink
+layout: default
+created: 2009-05-17 13:06:06 +0200
+updated: 2009-05-17 13:06:06 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - sip
+  - skype
+  - conference
+---
+To connect Skype to a SIP-PBX (e.g. Asterisk), there's only one free application available:
+
+* [SipToSis](http://www.mhspot.com/sts/siptosis.html) (former *SippySkype*)
+
+There are also some (Windows-)apps for money, like:
+
+* [Uplink Skype to SIP](http://www.nch.com.au/skypetosip/)
+* [PSGw](http://www.rsdevs.com/psgw.shtml)
+
+Since you can't integrate these apps into Asterisk, you need to add an extension for each Skype account (1 per PC).
+
+If somebody calls via Skype, you can let SipToSis dial a specific number (internal/external) via the Asterisk PBX. Most
+probably you want it to dial your own SIP extension.
+
+If you call the Skype extension, you can let SipToSis dial a specific Skype contact. Maybe you could add another
+virtual PBX so that you could dial `<SkypeContact>@<SipToSis-IP>` on your VoIP-phone to call a specific Skype contact -
+but your VoIP-phone then needs to be registered with this virtual PBX.
+
+
+SipToSis (SippySkype)
+=====================
+
+Since this program is free and written in Java, it's the perfect choice for now. Configuration might be a bit tricky
+though.
+
+
+Configuration
+-------------
+
+In this example, there are following values:
+
+| Value          | Description    |
+|:--------------:|:---------------|
+|192.168.1.162   |IP of the PC running Skype and SipToSis|
+|192.168.1.245   |IP of the Asterisk PBX                 |
+|88              |SipToSis-extension on the Asterisk PBX |
+|44@192.168.1.212|Extension and IP of the VoIP-phone to use for incoming Skype calls|
+
+
+### siptosis.cfg (former sippyskype.cfg)
+
+{% highlight ini %}
+via_addr=192.168.1.162
+host_port=5060
+contact_url=sip:88@192.168.1.245:5060
+from_url="Skype Gateway" <sip:88@192.168.1.245:5060>
+username=88
+realm=asterisk
+passwd=skype
+do_register=yes
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+So this general description should work:
+
+|Setting      |Note          |
+|:------------|:-------------|
+|`via_addr`   |IP of SipToSis/SippySkype|
+|`host_port`  |Desired Port of SipToSis |
+|`contact_url`|`sip:`//Asterisk-Skype-Extension//`@192.168.1.245:5060`|
+|`from_url`   |some name + the `contact_url`|
+|`username`   |Asterisk-Skype-Extension     |
+|`realm`      |might be not used            |
+|`passwd`     |Asterisk-Skype-Ext-Passwort  |
+|`do_register`|Should SipToSis register itself in the PBX? Yes!|
+
+The remaining options can be left at default values.
+
+
+### SkypeToSipAuth.props
+
+This file defines the receivers of the calls. You can route incoming calls of different Skype contacts to different SIP
+accounts. But in most cases you want to receive all calls on one specific VoIP phone.
+
+    *,sip:44@192.168.1.212:5060
+
+
+<p><div class="noteclassic" markdown="1">
+You have to specify the IP of the **VoIP-phone** which should receive the calls. **NOT** the IP of the Asterisk PBX.
+</div></p>

know-how/software/_posts/2009-07-17-virtualbox.md

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+title: VirtualBox
+layout: default
+created: 2009-01-04 15:50:17 +0100
+updated: 2009-07-17 23:14:13 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - virtualisation
+  - oracle
+  - virtualbox
+---
+Compacting a disk image
+=======================
+
+1. overwrite empty blocks on the disk with zeroes. See below for applications.
+1. run the VBoxManage tool like this:[^1]  
+  
+        VBoxManage modifyhd <NameOfVDIorVMHD> compact
+
+
+Applications for overwriting empty blocks
+=========================================
+
+
+Eraser (Windows)
+----------------
+
+[ [Homepage](http://eraser.heidi.ie/) ] Install as normal. Then go to *Edit* -> *Preferences* -> *Erasing...* and
+select the second Tab *Unused disk space*. Create a new method with one pass and a pattern of only zeroes. Now go to
+the "On Demand"-Tasks and create a new one with your local harddisks as target. Run it to perform erasing.
+
+
+SDelete (Windows, SysInternals)
+-------------------------------
+
+[ [Homepage](http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897443.aspx) ] Download and unpack. Run it like:
+
+    sdelete -c C:\
+
+
+dd (Linux)
+----------
+
+Use something like:
+
+    dd if=/dev/zero of=/junk
+    sync
+    rm /junk
+
+This will create a large file with only zeroes and fill up the empty space on your hd.
+
+
+zerofree (Linux)
+----------------
+
+[ [Homepage](http://intgat.tigress.co.uk/rmy/uml/index.html) ] Install the [zerofree](apt://zerofree) package. Run it
+as the man page says.
+
+<p><div class="notewarning" markdown="1">
+Seems like *zerofree* only supports unmounted filesystems. For this to work you should boot into a recovery Linux
+inside your VM to clean the disk image.
+</div></p>
+
+
+sfill (Linux)
+-------------
+
+Install the [secure-delete](apt://secure-delete) package. Run something like:
+
+    sfill -z -l -l /
+
+
+Transparency-Bug in VBox 3.0
+============================
+
+If you just installed VirtualBox 3.0 and noticed that you only see parts of Windows' titlebars and the icons but no
+text or backgrounds, try the following:
+
+Run VirtualBox like this: [Found here](http://webupd8.blogspot.com/2009/05/quick-tip-make-virtualbox-os-window-non.html)
+
+    env XLIB_SKIP_ARGB_VISUALS=1 VirtualBox
+
+
+
+[^1]: Older versions of VirtualBox used `modifyvdi` as first parameter. Also this feature is disabled in VBox 2.1.

know-how/software/_posts/2009-11-27-network-monitoring.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+title: Network Monitoring
+layout: default
+created: 2009-11-23 10:01:08 +0100
+updated: 2009-11-27 23:50:53 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - monitoring
+  - network
+---
+I tried some different products for network monitoring since the top dog *Nagios* is everything else but easy to
+maintain.
+
+Tested products were:
+
+* [OpenNMS](#opennms)
+* [Zenoss Core](#zenoss-core)
+* [Pandora FMS](#pandora-fms)
+
+
+OpenNMS
+=======
+
+* **Homepage:** <http://www.opennms.org/>
+
+Configurable by XML files, so suffers the same problem as Nagios - you need something to configure it comfortably or
+spend time writing the config yourself. Compatible to Nagios plugins.
+
+
+Pandora FMS
+===========
+
+* **Homepage:** <http://www.pandorafms.org/>
+
+Really great interface. Supports Nagios plugins. Easy addition of own plugins. For me, this one had the best feature
+set.
+
+
+Zenoss Core
+===========
+
+* **Homepage:** <http://community.zenoss.org/>
+
+Not really intuitive configuration. Supports Nagios plugins, offers own extension system (ZenPacks).

know-how/software/_posts/2009-12-04-dd-wrt.md

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+---
+title: DD-WRT
+layout: default
+created: 2009-04-03 12:30:33 +0200
+updated: 2009-12-04 00:54:05 +0100
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - dd-wrt
+---
+DD-WRT is an alternative firmware for several WLAN routers which offers a lot of more features than the default
+firmwares of most routers, such as repeater mode, printserver, fileserver, etc.. I use it on an *ASUS WL-300g* and a
+*Linksys WRT54GL*.
+
+* **Homepage:** [dd-wrt.com](http://www.dd-wrt.com/)
+
+
+Configure as non-WDS repeater
+=============================
+
+After a lot of trial-and-error and studying [the](http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Wlan_Repeater) [different](http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=7595)
+[HowTos](http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Universal_Wireless_Repeater), I now found the best settings to make my
+former AccessPoint a repeater.
+
+<p><div class="noteclassic">
+This mode will repeat the WLAN network under a different SSID. Your WLAN card won't do any roaming and you will have to
+setup port forwardings for server daemons.
+</div></p>
+
+So here are the neccessary settings. Pages you don't need to change do not have an image linked.
+
+* Setup
+    * [Basic Setup]({{ site.url }}/assets/setup_basic_setup.png)
+    * DDNS
+    * MAC Address Clone
+    * [Advanced Routing]({{ site.url }}/assets/setup_advanced_routing.png)
+    * [Networking]({{ site.url }}/assets/setup_networking.png)
+* Wireless
+    * [Basic Settings]({{ site.url }}/assets/wireless_basic_settings.png)
+    * Radius
+    * [Wireless Security]({{ site.url }}/assets/wireless_wireless_security.png)
+    * MAC Filter
+    * [Advanced Settings]({{ site.url }}/assets/wireless_advanced_settings.png)
+    * [WDS]({{ site.url }}/assets/wireless_wds.png)
+* Services
+    * [Services]({{ site.url }}/assets/services_services.png)
+    * PPTP
+    * Hotspot
+* Security
+    * [Firewall]({{ site.url }}/assets/security_firewall.png)
+    * VPN
+* Access Restrictions
+    * WAN Access
+* NAT / QoS
+    * Port Forwarding
+    * Port Range Forwarding
+    * Port Triggering
+    * UPnP
+    * DMZ
+    * QoS
+* Administration
+    * Management
+    * Keep Alive
+    * Commands
+    * WOL
+    * Factory Defaults
+    * Firmware Upgrade
+    * Backup
+* Status
+    * Router
+    * LAN
+    * Wireless
+    * Bandwidth
+    * Sys-Info
+
+
+Notify about new IP via Prowl service
+=====================================
+
+*Prowl* was originally thought as a remote notification service from MacOS *Growl* to the iPhone. But it provides a
+great web-based API so that it can be used for any other purpose.
+
+The [DD-WRT Wiki](http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Script_Execution) lists all the locations where you can place
+scripts for automatic execution. As we want to be notified upon IP changes, the best event is the `wanup`. So create a
+file `/tmp/etc/config/prowl.wanup`. In the [Script Examples](http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Script_Examples#Use_freedns.afraid.org_as_DDNS)
+section, there's a nice DynDNS script which shows, how to get the current WAN IP and check whether it has changed.
+
+With some modifications, it looks like this:
+
+{% highlight bash %}
+#!/bin/sh
+IFACE=ppp0
+OLDFILE=/tmp/ipaddr.cache
+
+OLD_IP=`cat $OLDFILE`
+NEW_IP=`ifconfig ${IFACE} | sed '/.*inet addr:/!d;s///;s/ .*//'`
+
+# Special (private) Unicode icons for the iPhone
+PROWL_UP=""
+PROWL_DISH=""
+
+if [ "$NEW_IP" != "$OLD_IP" ]; then
+    /tmp/root/prowl.sh "ppp0 is $PROWL_UP" -2 "IP is $NEW_IP $PROWL_DISH"
+    echo $NEW_IP > $OLDFILE
+    echo Updated IP to $NEW_IP
+fi
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+Put this file to `/tmp/etc/config/prowl.wanup`. The used `/tmp/root/prowl.sh` is the one you can find in the [[TODO:software:sh:http-post]] article.
+
+
+*[WLAN]: Wireless Local Area Network
+*[SSID]: Service Set Identifier
+*[DDNS]: Dynamic DNS
+*[MAC]: Media Access Control
+*[WDS]: Wireless Distribution System
+*[PPTP]: Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
+*[VPN]: Virtual Private Network
+*[NAT]: Network Address Translation
+*[QoS]: Quality of Service
+*[UPnP]: Universal Plug'n'Play
+*[DMZ]: Demilitarized Zone
+*[WOL]: Wake-on-LAN
+*[LAN]: Local Area Network
+*[API]: Application Programming Interface
+*[WAN]: Wide Area Network

know-how/software/_posts/2012-05-14-wuala.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+title: wua.la
+layout: default
+created: 2011-09-12 22:46:24 +0200
+updated: 2012-05-14 15:53:45 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - wuala
+---
+[wua.la](http://wuala.com/) is a Dropbox-like online (aka. cloud) storage.
+
+
+Promotion Codes
+===============
+
+|Code                  |Add. Storage| Valid for  ||
+|:---------------------|:----------:|:----------:|:---|
+|`PCWELT06`            |  3 GiB     |  1 year    | ? |
+|`CONNECT-WITH-SUPPORT`|  1 GiB     |  1 year    |
+|`PC-MAGAZIN`          |  2 GiB     |  1 year    | ? |
+|`SKYFISH-IS-COOL`     |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-DOMINIK`      |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-CAROLA`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-FABIUS`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-LUZIUS`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-THOMAS`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-JONAS`        |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-MARCEL`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-MARIUS`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`I-KNOW-DARIO`        |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`XMAS08`              |  1 GiB     |  1 year    | ? |
+|`STUDISURF`           |  2 GiB     |  1 year    | ? |
+|`PC-PRAXIS`           |  2 GiB     |  1 year    | ? |
+|`FOUNDER_CH`          |  1 GiB     |  1 year    | ? |
+|`H`                   |  10 GiB    |  1 year    | cancelled |
+|`I-LIKE-POLAND`       |  1 GiB     |  1 year    |
+|`COMPUTER-HOY`        |  ???       |    ???     | cancelled |
+|`I-READ-TOOLTIPS`     | 512 MiB    |    ???     | cancelled? |
+|`I-KNOW-ANDY`         |  1 GiB     |  1 year    | cancelled |
+|`C`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`G`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`K`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`M`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`N`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`R`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`X`                   |  ???       |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`WUACIE`              |  10 GiB    |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`I-KNOW-MARKUS`       |  1 GiB     |  3 months  |
+|`WORLD_BACKUP_DAY`    |  2 GiB     |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`SHNET`               |  2 GiB     |   ???      | cancelled |
+|`1000-ANSWERS`        |  1 GiB     |  1 year    |

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2015-04-14-puppet-on-centos-7.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+title: Puppet on CentOS 7
+layout: default
+created: 2015-04-14 13:33:59 +0200
+updated: 2015-04-14 13:33:59 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - puppet
+  - centos
+---
+To install Puppet on CentOS 7, you can basically follow [these instructions](http://www.unixmen.com/install-puppet-server-centos-7/).
+
+Notes:
+
+1. Don't forget to open the firewall:  
+  
+        firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8140/tcp --permanent
+        firewall-cmd --reload
+
+1. You may have to put SELinux into `permissive` mode to allow Apache read the `config.ru` owned by `puppet`.
+
+To permanently switch from WEBrick to Apache, configure systemd like this:
+
+    systemctl disable puppetmaster
+    systemctl enable httpd
+
+
+Install client agent on RedHat/CentOS
+=====================================
+
+1. Pick the correct repository for your version from [PuppetLabs](https://docs.puppetlabs.com/guides/puppetlabs_package_repositories.html#for-red-hat-enterprise-linux-and-derivatives).
+1. Install it:  
+  
+        yum install puppet
+
+1. If needed, configure the Puppetmaster server name in `/etc/puppet/puppet.conf`:  
+  
+        [agent]
+            server = mypuppetmaster.example.org
+
+1. Finally, add the cronjob[^1]:  
+  
+        puppet resource cron puppet-agent ensure=present user=root minute=30 command='/usr/bin/puppet agent --onetime --no-daemonize --splay'
+
+
+
+[^1]: There's also a way to let the puppet agent run as a service described [here](https://docs.puppetlabs.com/guides/install_puppet/post_install.html#start-the-puppet-agent-service),
+      but this can have an impact on cpu and memory usage.