From a0eaf2d41ff15e9652ff59c20d77beeea98aedb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Markus Birth Date: Sun, 29 Mar 2015 21:32:35 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Added various pages. --- .../linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md | 124 ++++++++++++++++++ .../_posts/2008-08-07-partition-numbering.md | 22 ++++ .../_posts/2008-08-13-mc-startup-delay.md | 17 +++ .../software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md | 65 +++++++++ .../_posts/2008-08-15-update-fontcache.md | 16 +++ .../_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md | 20 +++ .../software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md | 23 ++++ .../_posts/2008-08-23-evolution-clamav.md | 50 +++++++ .../linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md | 27 ++++ 9 files changed, 364 insertions(+) create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-07-partition-numbering.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-mc-startup-delay.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-15-update-fontcache.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-evolution-clamav.md create mode 100644 know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4cdd0b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +--- +title: event.d/init.d script +layout: default +created: 2008-07-15 23:49:48 +0200 +updated: 2008-07-15 23:49:48 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - system + - initd + - boot +--- +event.d script +============== + +This is an event.d-script for the new Ubuntu [Upstart](http://upstart.ubuntu.com/). + +The event gets started/respawned on runlevels 2-5. If you change to level 0, 1 or 6, the process gets stopped/killed. +Manual start/stop works through the same commands ˋstartˋ and ˋstopˋ. With ˋstatusˋ you can check the status. + +{{{ +# manages Solr search engine + +start on runlevel [2345] +stop on runlevel [016] + +kill timeout 30 +respawn + +script + cd /home/sysadmin/extension/ezfind/java + exec /usr/bin/java -jar start.jar +end script +}}} + + +init.d script +============= + +This does the same using the traditional init.d-way. + +After creation of the script in ˋ/etc/init.dˋ you also have to make the symlinks in the ˋrc.2ˋ..ˋrc.5ˋ-directories. + +{% highlight bash %} +#!/bin/sh + +### BEGIN INIT INFO +# Provides: solr +# Required-Start: +# Required-Stop: +# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 +# Default-Stop: 0 1 6 +# Short-Description: start Solr daemon +### END INIT INFO + + +# Defaults +RUN_MODE="daemons" + +JAVA=/usr/bin/java +DAEMONDIR=/home/sysadmin/extension/ezfind/java +DAEMON=start.jar +PIDDIR=/var/run +SOLRPID=$PIDDIR/solr.pid + +# See if the daemon is there +test -x $JAVA -a -x $DAEMONDIR/$DAEMON || exit 0 + +. /lib/lsb/init-functions + +case "$1" in + start) + log_daemon_msg "Starting Solr daemon" + log_progress_msg "solr" + # Make sure we have our PIDDIR, even if it's on a tmpfs + install -o root -g root -m 755 -d $PIDDIR + if ! start-stop-daemon --start --chdir $DAEMONDIR --quiet --pidfile $SOLRPID --make-pidfile --background --exec $JAVA -- -jar $DAEMON; then + log_end_msg 1 + exit 1 + fi + log_end_msg 0 + ;; + stop) + log_daemon_msg "Stopping Solr daemon" + log_progress_msg "solr" + + start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $SOLRPID + # Wait a little and remove stale PID file + sleep 1 + if [ -f $SOLRPID ] && ! ps h `cat $SOLRPID` > /dev/null + then + # Stale PID file (solr was succesfully stopped), + # remove it + rm -f $SOLRPID + fi + + log_end_msg 0 + + ;; + restart|force-reload) + $0 stop + sleep 1 + $0 start + ;; + status) + pidofproc -p $SOLRPID $JAVA >/dev/null + status=$? + if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then + log_success_msg "SOLR is running" + else + log_failure_msg "SOLR is not running" + fi + exit $status + ;; + *) + echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/solr {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}" + exit 1 + ;; +esac + +exit 0 +{% endhighlight %} diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-07-partition-numbering.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-07-partition-numbering.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..48ced0f --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-07-partition-numbering.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +--- +title: Partition Numbering +layout: default +created: 2008-08-07 22:13:23 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-07 22:13:23 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - hdd + - partitioning +--- +After removal of the first primary partition, you might notice, that the names of the remaining partitions didn't +change. ˋ/dev/sda2ˋ stays ˋ/dev/sda2ˋ. To renumber the partition, use ˋfdiskˋ and create a new primary partition no. 1 +which is located behind ˋsda2ˋ. You might want to delete your swap partition, create a new one in partition slot no. 1. + +Now enter the expert menu of fdisk and type f to fix the partition table. The partitions will be renumbered +according to their position on disk. After that delete the temporary partition and re-create your swap. Don't forget to +write the new partition table to disk. + +Afterwards, update your ˋ/boot/grub/menu.lstˋ, maybe ˋ/etc/fstabˋ and do a ˋgrub-installˋ. diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-mc-startup-delay.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-mc-startup-delay.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5221cc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-mc-startup-delay.md @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +--- +title: MC Startup Delay +layout: default +created: 2008-08-13 22:36:06 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-13 22:36:06 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - mc +--- +If Midnight Commander needs several seconds to startup, check the ˋinterfacesˋ line in your ˋsmb.confˋ. According to [this page](http://osdir.com/ml/gnome.apps.mc.general/2006-09/msg00057.html), +the built-in Samba code of *mc* is outdated and doesn't recognize device names like ˋeth0ˋ or ˋloˋ as the newer +*smbclient* does. So it tries to resolve those into IPs which takes ages until they time out. + +Replace the devices by their respective netmasks (e.g. ˋ192.168.1.0/24ˋ) and *mc* will startup instantly. diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3ac1ca6 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +--- +title: Wake-on-LAN +layout: default +created: 2008-08-13 22:18:28 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-13 22:18:28 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - networking +--- +Preparing to go asleep +====================== + +To make Linux not shut down the network interface upon *halt*, edit the file ˋ/etc/init.d/haltˋ, find the line with the +ˋhaltˋ command and remove the parameter ˋ-iˋ if there. This parameter does ˋifdownˋ on all networking interfaces. As the +manpage for *halt* states, this is unneccessary for newer kernels - also it disables WOL. + +The second step is to make sure, your card supports WOL. To find out, issue the ˋsudo ethtool eth0ˋ command. You should +get something like this: + +{{{ +Settings for eth0: + Supported ports: [ TP MII ] + Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full + 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full + Supports auto-negotiation: Yes + Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full + 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full + Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes + Speed: 10Mb/s + Duplex: Half + Port: MII + PHYAD: 1 + Transceiver: internal + Auto-negotiation: on + Supports Wake-on: g + Wake-on: g + Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) + Link detected: no +}}} + +The important lines are the ˋSupports Wake-onˋ and ˋWake-onˋ ones. The "ˋgˋ" means it is enabled for MagicPacket™. +If not, you should manually call the command: + + ethtool -s eth0 wol g + +This should enable WOL for the card. If this works, you have to issue this command after every bootup as the state will +be back to disabled then. You might want to create a startup script. + + +Waking remote PCs +================= + +The simple way is to use ˋwakeonlanˋ which only supports MagicPacket™. + +For a PC in a Class C network, use a call like this: + + wakeonlan -i 192.168.1.255 de:ad:be:ef:ca:fe + +This would send the packet to the 192.168.1.x subnet and the PC with the specified MAC address should wake up. + +**Note:** Some nVidia chipsets require the MAC address to be specified in reverse order. In the example this would +be ˋfe:ca:ef:be:ad:deˋ. diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-15-update-fontcache.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-15-update-fontcache.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f777650 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-15-update-fontcache.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +--- +title: Updating X11 Fontcache +layout: default +created: 2008-08-15 11:14:03 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-15 11:14:03 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - fonts +--- +After adding some fonts to the ˋ/usr/share/fontsˋ directories, you have to re-login to see the added fonts. To update +the fontcache without a log-cycle, use the following command: + + sudo fc-cache -fv diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0c260c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +--- +title: SyslogD for LAN +layout: default +created: 2008-08-21 10:39:59 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-21 10:39:59 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - syslog + - monitoring + - networking +--- +To let the *syslogd* also receive messages from your local network, edit the file ˋ/etc/default/syslogdˋ and modify the +last line so that it looks like this: + + SYSLOGD="-r" + +Restart the *sysklogd* and watch your ˋ/var/log/messagesˋ. diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9da59b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +--- +title: NetBIOS/WINS support +layout: default +created: 2008-08-21 10:36:55 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-21 10:45:41 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - networking + - netbios + - wins +--- +To enable lookup of WINS-names in Ubuntu, edit the file ˋ/etc/nsswitch.confˋ and find the line: + + hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 + +Append ˋwinsˋ to the end of the line so that it looks like this: + + hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 wins + +From now on you can also use NetBIOS names to address PCs in your LAN. diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-evolution-clamav.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-evolution-clamav.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1990636 --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-evolution-clamav.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +--- +title: Evolution/ClamAV integration +layout: default +created: 2008-08-23 18:46:33 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-23 18:46:33 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux + - security + - evolution + - clamav + - antivirus +--- +To scan incoming mails for viruses, create to following script somewhere in your system: + +{% highlight bash %} +#!/bin/bash +# Fred Blaise +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or +# (at your option) any later version. + +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# GNU General Public License for more details. + +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software +# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, +# MA 02111-1307 USA + +FILE=/tmp/$$_outclam.tmp +clamdscan - 1>$FILE + +if [ $? -eq 1 ]; then +STRING=$(grep "FOUND" $FILE |cut -d: -f2) +zenity --warning --title="Evolution: Virus detected" --text="$STRING" & + +exit 1 +fi + +exit 0 +{% endhighlight %} + +Now setup Evolution's Incoming mail filters to pipe mails through your newly created script. If the return value is not +zero, a virus was detected and you might want to move the mail to *Trash* or a special folder. diff --git a/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..037f41c --- /dev/null +++ b/know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +--- +title: Optimizing Linux +layout: default +created: 2008-08-05 16:45:57 +0200 +updated: 2008-08-23 18:48:33 +0200 +toc: false +tags: + - know-how + - software + - linux +--- +At [Ubuntu Unleashed](http://www.ubuntu-unleashed.com/2008/04/tweak-and-optimize-ubuntu-linux-boot.html) you can find a +document about different settings to optimize startup times of the system and applications itself. + +The ˋnoatimeˋ and ˋnodiratimeˋ settings are unneccessary in Hardy as the default option ˋrelatimeˋ only updates the +*access time* if the file has been modified after the last access timestamp. + +You can enable the full power of the [upstart](https://launchpad.net/upstart) manager by enabling multi-threading. +In ˋ/etc/init.d/rcˋ at line 24, set ˋCONCURRENCY=shellˋ. But beware of slight problems upon booting. Some services might +be started before depending services are. Also some lines upon startup are printed twice. If you have problems +getting your machine up and running, change it back to ˋnoneˋ. + +Another nice feature is adding the ˋprofileˋ option to the kernel line upon boot. The bootup will take longer than +usual but the readahead-daemon will catalog all needed files and on the next boot (without that parameter), all needed +files will be preloaded before boot. + +On Desktops with much RAM, the ˋ[preload](http://sf.net/projects/preload)ˋ daemon also speeds up working.