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Updated layout, added UP! marker. Added various Windows posts.

This commit is contained in:
Markus Birth 2015-04-14 00:49:46 +02:00
parent fd9db71293
commit eff6f81a7b
21 changed files with 568 additions and 1 deletions

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<ul>
{% for post in paginator.posts %}
<li itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"><a itemprop="url" href="{{ post.url }}"><span itemprop="dateModified">{{ post.date | date: "%Y-%m-%d" }}</span> - <span itemprop="name">{{ post.title }}</span></a>{% if post.language == 'de' %} <img class="emoji" title=":de:" alt=":de:" src="https://assets-cdn.github.com/images/icons/emoji/de.png" width="20" height="20" align="absmiddle" /><meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="de" />{% else %}<meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="en" />{% endif %}</li>
<li itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"><a itemprop="url" href="{{ post.url }}"><span itemprop="dateModified">{{ post.date | date: "%Y-%m-%d" }}</span> - <span itemprop="name">{{ post.title }}</span></a>
{% if post.language == 'de' %}
<img class="emoji" title=":de:" alt=":de:" src="https://assets-cdn.github.com/images/icons/emoji/de.png" width="20" height="20" align="absmiddle" />
<meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="de" />
{% else %}
<meta itemprop="inLanguage" content="en" />
{% endif %}
{% if post.updated != post.created %}
<img class="emoji" title=":up:" alt=":up:" src="https://assets-cdn.github.com/images/icons/emoji/up.png" width="20" height="20" align="absmiddle" />
{% endif %}
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

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---
title: Kernel Module Check for Nagios
layout: default
created: 2014-03-31 16:59:17 +0200
updated: 2014-03-31 17:00:17 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- nagios
---
`mod_loaded`:
{% highlight bash %}
#!/bin/sh
if [ "$1" = "" ]
then
echo "USAGE:"
echo "$0 <kernel-mod>"
exit 99
fi
MOD=$1
STATUS=`lsmod | grep "$MOD"`
if [ -z "$STATUS" ]; then
echo "CRITICAL - Kernel module $MOD not loaded!"
exit 2
fi
DATA=( $STATUS )
echo "OK - ${DATA[0]} has ${DATA[2]} instances, ${DATA[1]} bytes.|instances=${DATA[2]}, memory_usage=${DATA[1]}"
exit 0
{% endhighlight %}
For Check_MK add this to the `/etc/check_mk/mrpe.cfg`:
DigiPort_KernelMod /usr/local/nagios/plugins/mod_loaded dgrp

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---
title: sysupgrade with ExtRoot
layout: default
created: 2014-05-26 22:30:20 +0200
updated: 2014-05-26 22:47:49 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- openwrt
---
Run `sysupgrade` or upload the new file with LuCI.
<p><div class="noteimportant" markdown="1">
When upgrading with ExtRoot mounted, your configuration in ExtRoot will be saved and **restored to the `overlay` in
Flash memory**. So if you have a specific emergency configuration, be sure to boot without ExtRoot before starting the
upgrade.
</div></p>
After the reboot, you will be in the base system (that is, your configuration, but without ExtRoot). Run these commands
to get back on track:
opkg update
opkg install block-mount
opkg install kmod-fs-ext4
opkg install kmod-usb-storage
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
rm /mnt/etc/.extroot-uuid
reboot
After this reboot, either everything will be working again (/dev/sda1 mounted to `/overlay`) or - if there was a new
kernel in that upgrade - /dev/sda1 might be mounted to `/overlay-disabled`. In that case, you have to recreate ExtRoot
(save your configuration first).
If your previous ExtRoot mounted fine, you might want to update your packages there. It is important to **NOT** upgrade
kernel modules as this might break things. The [ExtRoot Wiki Page](http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/extroot#old.notes)
lists a command to only update non-kernel-packages:
opkg upgrade $(opkg list-upgradable | awk '($1 !~ "^kmod|Multiple") {print $1}')

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---
title: ANSI codes in COMMAND.COM
layout: default
created: 2008-07-15 00:05:00 +0200
updated: 2008-07-15 00:05:00 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
To enable ANSI control codes in `command.com`, add the following line to `%SystemRoot%\system32\CONFIG.NT`:
DEVICE=%SystemRoot%\system32\ANSI.SYS
*[ANSI]: American National Standards Institute

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---
title: Device Manager Hacks
layout: default
created: 2008-07-15 00:08:39 +0200
updated: 2008-07-15 00:08:39 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
To show a 'Details' tab in device's properties, add the system environment variable `DevMgr_Show_Details` and set it
to "1".
To also show non-active devices, add `DevMgr_Show_NonPresent_Devices` and also set it to "1".

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---
title: Max 10 simultaneous SMB-connections
layout: default
created: 2008-07-15 22:02:53 +0200
updated: 2008-07-15 22:02:53 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- samba
- smb
---
Windows XP Professional only allows 10 simultaneous connections to shares and printer spoolers. The eleventh user gets
a *System error #71* message. The unused connections get freed after 30 minutes which is a bit late since often you
just need a few files or to print some pages but this blocks the connection for 30 minutes.
To make things better, you can issue the command
net config server /autodisconnect:3
which sets the limit to 3 minutes. You can even set this to `0` to free a slot almost instantly.
This value can also be changed in the registry. The key is `HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters`.
More information can be found at [KB138365](http://support.microsoft.com/kb/138365).
The really evil can fly to [Google Cache](http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:kHQ_0PQXJDQJ:tachyon.zapto.org/binaries/antiwpa/LanServerNoConnLimit/patched.txt+srvsvc.dll+%226a+0a%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=3)
and get a disassembled part of the `srvsvc.dll` with the needed changes to disable the limit. (Only works for XP-SP2!)
The last resort is to upgrade to *Windows Server*. Another thought might be to connect to the shares from a Linux box
and let the clients connect to this Linux machine.

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---
title: Backup-Userprofile as active profile
layout: default
created: 2008-07-15 00:06:44 +0200
updated: 2008-07-15 00:06:44 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
Check registry key: `HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList` for needed profile.
Change `State` value to following:
| Value|Meaning |
|------:|:-------------|
| `100`h|logged on user|
| `104`h|normal profile|
|`8100`h|backup profile|

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---
title: SrvAny / WinServ
layout: default
created: 2008-07-15 00:07:31 +0200
updated: 2008-07-15 00:07:31 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- services
---
SrvAny.exe doesn't recognize when the launched application exits. Windows still thinks that the service (`SrvAny.exe`)
is running and so error handling (restart app, restart windows, etc.) doesn't occur.
Winserv doesn't have this problem. Get it from <http://sw4me.com/wiki/Winserv?v=qw0>.

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---
title: Remove WGA Notification
layout: default
created: 2009-02-02 19:49:08 +0100
updated: 2009-02-02 19:49:08 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- wga
---
Microsoft distributes the *Windows Genuine Advantage Notification Tool (KB905474)* through the WindowsUpdate mechanism.
This tool should detect fake Windows serial numbers and nag the user. Interestingly, Microsoft hid a small paragraph in
their EULA after that the tool sends daily(!!) reports to Microsoft. According to MS this "is neccessary" since the
tool is BETA and MS needs to be able to react if it goes crazy. Yeah … sure!
Sadly, if you installed it by accident, there's no easy way to remove it. No entry in the *Add/Remove Programs* window.
You could restore a backup of your disk or use *System Restore*, but after some Google'ing I found [this site](http://www.mydigitallife.info/2006/04/26/disable-and-remove-windows-genuine-advantage-notifications-nag-screen/)
which lists 16 ways to remove the WGAN.
The first method seemed to be the best and so I used [AutoHotkey](http://www.autohotkey.com/) and automated it.
**Download here:** [wganuninst.zip]({{ site.url }}/assets/wganuninst.zip)
How it works
============
1. the files `WgaLogon.dll` and `WgaTray.exe` get moved out of `%WINDIR%\system32` and `%WINDIR%\system32\dllcache`,
renamed and marked for deletion upon next boot
1. the running process `WgaTray.exe` gets killed (if the file would still be in `system32`, it would get restarted
through the `WgaLogon.dll`)
1. the 2 uninstall entries and the `WLNotify` entry get deleted from the registry
1. Now everything should be as it was before the WGAN infected your PC.
Reboot and everything should be fine again.
To not get the tool again through the automatic WindowsUpdate, set the update to *Notify but don't download* and when
it asks for the WGAN, de-select it and choose *Don't show again*.
Alternative
===========
Using [muBlinder](http://www.p2plife.com/forums/Official_muBlinder_Page-t320.html) you can patch your
`LegitCheckControl.dll` with new version data so that the WGAN thinks everything is fine. After 3 or 4 reboots, the
warning messages should be gone. If not, muBlinder can also remove it.
WindizUpdate
============
Users of *Firefox* or *Opera* can get WindowsUpdates without any WGA testing through [WindizUpdate](http://windizupdate.com/).
You even get updates for Mozilla-components or some hardware.

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---
title: HD uses PIO instead of DMA
layout: default
created: 2008-07-15 00:10:30 +0200
updated: 2009-02-19 22:06:02 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- hardware
- hdd
---
If Windows uses PIO mode instead of DMA, it probably have slowed down due to reading errors. To fix the slow-down, find
the registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\{4D36E96A-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}
This contains the subfolders `0000`, `0001` and `0002`. `0001` is the primary IDE port and `0002` is the secondary. But
watch the entries in there and you'll get the idea.
The important values are `MasterIdDataChecksum` and `MasterDeviceTimingModeAllowed` as well as `SlaveIdDataChecksum`
and `SlaveDeviceTimingModeAllowed`. Delete the keys and reboot. Windows will re-detect the speed and should be back at
full DMA speed.
Usually, this should be fixed since SP2, but it seems to not work everywhere. You could try to force a retry by adding
a DWORD-entry `ResetErrorCounterOnSuccess` with a value of `1` to that key.
*[PIO]: Programmed Input/Output
*[DMA]: Direct Memory Access

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---
title: Missing Wireless Zero Configuration
layout: default
created: 2009-03-03 00:47:50 +0100
updated: 2009-03-03 00:47:50 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- wifi
---
If you are missing the *Wireless Zero Configuration* (in German: *Konfigurationsfreie drahtlose Verbindung*), you might
have installed a D-Link driver.
To get the Windows tool back, there's a nice manual at [practicallynetworked.com](http://www.practicallynetworked.com/qa/qa20040311.shtml):
1. go to *Start**Connect to**Show all* (or: *Control Panel**Networking*)
1. right-click any device and choose *Properties*
1. click the *Install…* button
1. choose category **Service**
1. click *Have Disk…*
1. select the path `C:\WINDOWS\inf` and click **OK**
1. choose the *Wireless Zero Configuration* and confirm all dialogs

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---
title: microsoft.com not working
layout: default
created: 2009-03-18 20:05:52 +0100
updated: 2009-03-18 20:05:52 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
If you have a router and Internet works with any application/site but you can't connect to any `microsoft.com` site
(e.g. *WindowsUpdate*, *Windows Live Messenger* [error code: 81000306], etc.) you might have your MTU set to a too high
value. The default MTU for ethernet devices is **1500** but since the PPPoE header adds 8 Bytes to the packets, they
get fragmented. And the `microsoft.com` servers seem to not accept fragmented packets.
So the solution is to set your MTU to the best value for PPPoE: **1492**. To do this, use a tool like the [TCP Optimizer](http://www.speedguide.net/downloads.php)
to set the MTU for your ethernet device to 1492. After a reboot, all `microsoft.com` pages should work again -
including *Windows Live Messenger*.

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---
title: Windows License keys
layout: default
created: 2008-08-11 01:23:00 +0200
updated: 2009-06-05 12:33:39 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
At [My Digital Life](http://www.mydigitallife.info/2007/04/24/search-for-genuine-and-free-windows-product-keys-online-with-google/)
you can read about [Belarc Advisor](http://www.belarc.com/free_download.html) spreading Windows license keys. Advisor
is a system profiler which also includes the Windows key in its reports. Users posting them to the Internet also
publish their Windows key. A common string of Advisor reports is "*Belarc Advisor Current Profile*". Together with the
desired Windows version you can easily find license keys:
<https://google.com/search?q="Windows+XP+Professional"+"Belarc+Advisor+Current+Profile"+key>
This also works with [EVEREST](http://www.lavalys.com/):
<https://google.com/search?q="Windows+XP+Professional"+"Everest"+"registered+owner"+"product+id"+"Product+key">

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---
title: Install wubildr
layout: default
created: 2009-10-24 23:49:15 +0200
updated: 2009-10-24 23:49:39 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- ubuntu
- wubi
---
The loader for a convenient [wubi](http://www.wubi-installer.org/)-installation of Ubuntu, can be easily re-added to
the Windows Vista/Windows 7 bootloader.
After you have transferred all Ubuntu related files to the new root drive (*files:* `wubildr` and `wubildr.mbr` and the
`ubuntu` *directory*), open a new Console **as Administrator** and run the following commands to add Ubuntu to the boot menu:
* `bcdedit /create /d "Ubuntu" /application bootsector`
This will return an identifier in the form of a GUID - in the following commands, replace `{ID}` by that identifier!
* `bcdedit /set {ID} device partition=C:`
* `bcdedit /set {ID} path \wubildr.mbr`
* `bcdedit /displayorder {ID} /addlast`
Done. Upon the next boot, a new entry *Ubuntu* should appear in your boot menu.

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---
title: Aquire video from DV-camera
layout: default
created: 2009-12-05 14:08:00 +0100
updated: 2009-12-05 14:08:00 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- camera
---
If you can't aquire any video from a DV camera connected via Firewire/IEEE1394, check if you have these symptoms:
* *Windows Live Movie Maker* says "The device is already in use."
* other programs (e.g. *NeroVision*) show a black box but let you control the camera
The reason seems to be a faulty IEEE1394 driver in *Windows 7* 64-bit. Check the *Device Manager* whether you have the
*Texas Instruments 1394 Controller* installed. If so, right-click and choose *Update driver…*, search your computer for
drivers, install manually from a list and select the **OHCI-compliant 1394 Host controller (Legacy)** driver.
After it is installed, you should be able to capture video again.

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---
title: Gain Admin Access
layout: default
created: 2010-01-28 19:40:15 +0100
updated: 2010-01-28 20:24:21 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- hacking
---
To get access to a Windows PC as an *Administrator* user, there is a very brute security hole which you can use. The
only thing is: You need physical access to the machine.
The procedure is as follows:
1. use a Linux Boot-CD (e.g. [BackTrack 4](http://www.backtrack-linux.org/) or the [System Rescue CD](http://www.sysresccd.org/Download))
or a Windows Installation disc (of the same version as installed!)
* **Linux Boot-CD:** (there's also a nice screencast over at [offensive-security.com](http://www.offensive-security.com/videos/owning-windows-vista-video/hacking-vista-with-backtrack.html))
1. if not already, mount the Windows partition
1. go to `Windows/system32/`
1. rename the file `Utilman.exe` to `Utilman.exe.bak` and copy `cmd.exe` to `Utilman.exe`:
# mv Utilman.exe Utilman.exe.bak
# cp cmd.exe Utilman.exe
1. reboot the machine into Windows
* **Windows Boot-CD:**
1. select your Windows version to "repair"
1. if it asks whether you want to do use *System Rescue*, say "No"
1. after it has given up trying to repair your system, click the small link *Advanced Recovery Options*
1. select *Command Prompt*
1. now go to your Windows drive, for me it was `D:`
1. do a `cd \Windows\system32`
1. now rename the file `Utilman.exe` to `Utilman.exe.bak` and copy `cmd.exe` to `Utilman.exe`:
D:\>ren Utilman.exe Utilman.exe.bak
D:\>copy cmd.exe Utilman.exe
1. reboot the machine into the regular Windows
1. on the Logon screen of Windows, press <kbd>Win</kbd>+<kbd>U</kbd> - this would normally open the [Utility Manager](http://www.microsoft.com/enable/training/windowsxp/openutilitymanager.aspx)
aka. `Utilman.exe`, but now, the *Command Prompt* should show up
1. you have `SYSTEM` rights, so you can easily add a new Administrator user:
C:\>net user BadGuy GoodPassword /add
C:\>net localgroup Administrators BadGuy /add
This will add the user `BadGuy` with the password `GoodPassword` and make him a member of the *Administrators* group.
1. Login with the newly created user `BadGuy`
1. Remember to delete the fake `Utilman.exe` and rename `Utilman.exe.bak` back to `Utilman.exe`

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---
title: Restore Windows 7 MBR
layout: default
created: 2010-07-13 23:29:17 +0200
updated: 2010-07-13 23:29:17 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
If you installed *Windows XP* **after** *Windows 7*, you're left with the XP-MBR on your drive and thus only XP is
booting.
If you happen to have hardware, which produces the [Code 5](http://www.unawave.de/windows-7-tipps/code5-error.html?lang=EN)
error upon trying to boot from the Win7-DVD, you can do the following to restore the Win7-MBR from within XP:
1. boot into XP and insert the Win7-DVD
1. open a *Command Prompt*
1. navigate to the `?:\boot\` directory of the Win7-DVD (with `?` being the letter of your DVD drive)
1. run the following command: (with `C:` being the drive where *Windows 7* is installed)
bootsect.exe /nt60 C: /mbr
1. reboot and use [EasyBCD](http://neosmart.net/software.php) to add *Windows XP* to the Win7-Bootloader
<p><div class="notetip" markdown="1">
On [unawave.de](http://www.unawave.de/windows-7-tipps/code5-error.html?lang=EN) you'll find instructions on how to
create a Win7-DVD with the Vista-Bootloader so that you don't get the `Code 5` anymore.
</div></p>

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---
title: No DV capture possible on Windows 7 64bit
layout: default
created: 2011-01-10 21:24:19 +0100
updated: 2011-01-10 21:25:07 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
- video
---
On a Windows 7 64bit, I was not able to capture any DV video from a video camera connected via Firewire IEEE1394. I was
able to control the camera from the capture program (tried *NeroVision* and *magix Video Deluxe*) but only got a black
screen and no audio.
After a little search, I found [this forum post](http://www.sevenforums.com/music-pictures-video/12371-cant-capture-my-dv-camera.html)
which suggests to switch the IEEE1394 driver from the automatically detected *Texas Instruments* one to the
***1394 OHCI Compliant Host Controller (Legacy)*** one. After that change, everything worked as expected. This seems
to only affect 64bit systems.
To switch the driver, do the following:
1. press <kbd>Win</kbd>+<kbd>R</kbd> to get to the *Run…* dialog, type `devmgmt.msc`, click **OK**
1. in the *Device Manager*, find the **IEEE 1394 Bus Host Controllers** group, expand it
1. right-click the **Texas Instruments…** entry
1. select **Update driver software…**
1. click **Browse my computer for driver software**
1. click **Let me pick from a list of device driver on my computer**
1. select the **1394 OHCI Compliant Host Controller (Legacy)** (that *(Legacy)* is important!)
1. click **Next**

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---
title: Tango colours in command prompt
layout: default
created: 2012-12-18 16:19:12 +0100
updated: 2014-02-25 16:48:12 +0100
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tango_Desktop_Project#Palette>
Import this registry file:
{% highlight registry %}
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Console]
; Black
"ColorTable00"=dword:00000000
; Blue
"ColorTable01"=dword:00a46534
; Green
"ColorTable02"=dword:00069a4e
; Cyan
"ColorTable03"=dword:009a9806
; Red
"ColorTable04"=dword:000000cc
; Magenta
"ColorTable05"=dword:007b5075
; Yellow
"ColorTable06"=dword:0000a0c4
; White
"ColorTable07"=dword:00cfd7d3
; Dark Gray (Light Black)
"ColorTable08"=dword:00535755
; Light Blue
"ColorTable09"=dword:00cf9f72
; Light Green
"ColorTable10"=dword:0034e28a
; Light Cyan
"ColorTable11"=dword:00e2e234
; Light Red
"ColorTable12"=dword:002929ef
; Light Magenta
"ColorTable13"=dword:00a87fad
; Light Yellow
"ColorTable14"=dword:004fe9fc
; Light White
"ColorTable15"=dword:00eceeee
{% endhighlight %}

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---
title: Reduce size of WinSxS folder
layout: default
created: 2014-05-29 17:35:19 +0200
updated: 2014-05-29 17:35:19 +0200
toc: false
tags:
- know-how
- software
- windows
---
See [here](http://www.t-online.de/computer/software/windows-7/id_51447012/winsxs-mysterioeser-platzfresser-unter-windows-7-und-windows-vista.html).
1. Start → Command Prompt → RIGHT CLICK
1. "Run as administrator"
1. `DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /spsuperseded`