Added various pages.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md

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+---
+title: event.d/init.d script
+layout: default
+created: 2008-07-15 23:49:48 +0200
+updated: 2008-07-15 23:49:48 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - system
+  - initd
+  - boot
+---
+event.d script
+==============
+
+This is an event.d-script for the new Ubuntu [Upstart](http://upstart.ubuntu.com/).
+
+The event gets started/respawned on runlevels 2-5. If you change to level 0, 1 or 6, the process gets stopped/killed.
+Manual start/stop works through the same commands ˋstartˋ and ˋstopˋ. With ˋstatusˋ you can check the status.
+
+{{{
+# manages Solr search engine
+
+start on runlevel [2345]
+stop on runlevel [016]
+
+kill timeout 30
+respawn
+
+script
+    cd /home/sysadmin/extension/ezfind/java
+    exec /usr/bin/java -jar start.jar
+end script
+}}}
+
+
+init.d script
+=============
+
+This does the same using the traditional init.d-way.
+
+After creation of the script in ˋ/etc/init.dˋ you also have to make the symlinks in the ˋrc.2ˋ..ˋrc.5ˋ-directories.
+
+{% highlight bash %}
+#!/bin/sh
+
+### BEGIN INIT INFO
+# Provides:          solr
+# Required-Start:    
+# Required-Stop:     
+# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
+# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
+# Short-Description: start Solr daemon
+### END INIT INFO
+
+
+# Defaults
+RUN_MODE="daemons"
+
+JAVA=/usr/bin/java
+DAEMONDIR=/home/sysadmin/extension/ezfind/java
+DAEMON=start.jar
+PIDDIR=/var/run
+SOLRPID=$PIDDIR/solr.pid
+
+# See if the daemon is there
+test -x $JAVA -a -x $DAEMONDIR/$DAEMON || exit 0
+
+. /lib/lsb/init-functions
+
+case "$1" in
+	start)
+		log_daemon_msg "Starting Solr daemon"
+		log_progress_msg "solr"
+		# Make sure we have our PIDDIR, even if it's on a tmpfs
+		install -o root -g root -m 755 -d $PIDDIR
+                if ! start-stop-daemon --start --chdir $DAEMONDIR --quiet --pidfile $SOLRPID --make-pidfile --background --exec $JAVA -- -jar $DAEMON; then
+		    log_end_msg 1
+		    exit 1
+		fi
+		log_end_msg 0
+		;;
+	stop)
+		log_daemon_msg "Stopping Solr daemon"
+		log_progress_msg "solr"
+
+		start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $SOLRPID
+		# Wait a little and remove stale PID file
+		sleep 1
+		if [ -f $SOLRPID ] && ! ps h `cat $SOLRPID` > /dev/null
+		then
+			# Stale PID file (solr was succesfully stopped),
+			# remove it
+			rm -f $SOLRPID
+		fi
+
+		log_end_msg 0
+
+		;;
+	restart|force-reload)
+		$0 stop
+		sleep 1
+		$0 start
+		;;
+	status)
+		pidofproc -p $SOLRPID $JAVA >/dev/null
+		status=$?
+		if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
+			log_success_msg "SOLR is running"
+		else
+			log_failure_msg "SOLR is not running"
+		fi
+		exit $status
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/solr {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
+		exit 1
+		;;
+esac
+
+exit 0
+{% endhighlight %}

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-07-partition-numbering.md

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+---
+title: Partition Numbering
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-07 22:13:23 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-07 22:13:23 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - hdd
+  - partitioning
+---
+After removal of the first primary partition, you might notice, that the names of the remaining partitions didn't
+change. ˋ/dev/sda2ˋ stays ˋ/dev/sda2ˋ. To renumber the partition, use ˋfdiskˋ and create a new primary partition no. 1
+which is located behind ˋsda2ˋ. You might want to delete your swap partition, create a new one in partition slot no. 1.
+
+Now enter the expert menu of fdisk and type <kbd>f</kbd> to fix the partition table. The partitions will be renumbered
+according to their position on disk. After that delete the temporary partition and re-create your swap. Don't forget to
+write the new partition table to disk.
+
+Afterwards, update your ˋ/boot/grub/menu.lstˋ, maybe ˋ/etc/fstabˋ and do a ˋgrub-installˋ.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-mc-startup-delay.md

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+---
+title: MC Startup Delay
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-13 22:36:06 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-13 22:36:06 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - mc
+---
+If Midnight Commander needs several seconds to startup, check the ˋinterfacesˋ line in your ˋsmb.confˋ. According to [this page](http://osdir.com/ml/gnome.apps.mc.general/2006-09/msg00057.html),
+the built-in Samba code of *mc* is outdated and doesn't recognize device names like ˋeth0ˋ or ˋloˋ as the newer
+*smbclient* does. So it tries to resolve those into IPs which takes ages until they time out.
+
+Replace the devices by their respective netmasks (e.g. ˋ192.168.1.0/24ˋ) and *mc* will startup instantly.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md

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+---
+title: Wake-on-LAN
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-13 22:18:28 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-13 22:18:28 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - networking
+---
+Preparing to go asleep
+======================
+
+To make Linux not shut down the network interface upon *halt*, edit the file ˋ/etc/init.d/haltˋ, find the line with the
+ˋhaltˋ command and remove the parameter ˋ-iˋ if there. This parameter does ˋifdownˋ on all networking interfaces. As the
+manpage for *halt* states, this is unneccessary for newer kernels - also it disables WOL.
+
+The second step is to make sure, your card supports WOL. To find out, issue the ˋsudo ethtool eth0ˋ command. You should
+get something like this:
+
+{{{
+Settings for eth0:
+	Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
+	Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 
+	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full 
+	Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
+	Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 
+	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full 
+	Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
+	Speed: 10Mb/s
+	Duplex: Half
+	Port: MII
+	PHYAD: 1
+	Transceiver: internal
+	Auto-negotiation: on
+	Supports Wake-on: g
+	Wake-on: g
+	Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
+	Link detected: no
+}}}
+
+The important lines are the ˋSupports Wake-onˋ and ˋWake-onˋ ones. The "ˋgˋ" means it is enabled for MagicPacket™.
+If not, you should manually call the command:
+
+    ethtool -s eth0 wol g
+
+This should enable WOL for the card. If this works, you have to issue this command after every bootup as the state will
+be back to disabled then. You might want to create a startup script.
+
+
+Waking remote PCs
+=================
+
+The simple way is to use ˋwakeonlanˋ which only supports MagicPacket™.
+
+For a PC in a Class C network, use a call like this:
+
+    wakeonlan -i 192.168.1.255 de:ad:be:ef:ca:fe
+
+This would send the packet to the 192.168.1.x subnet and the PC with the specified MAC address should wake up.
+
+**Note:** Some nVidia chipsets require the MAC address to be specified in reverse order. In the example this would
+be ˋfe:ca:ef:be:ad:deˋ.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-15-update-fontcache.md

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+---
+title: Updating X11 Fontcache
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-15 11:14:03 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-15 11:14:03 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - fonts
+---
+After adding some fonts to the ˋ/usr/share/fontsˋ directories, you have to re-login to see the added fonts. To update
+the fontcache without a log-cycle, use the following command:
+
+    sudo fc-cache -fv

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md

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+---
+title: SyslogD for LAN
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-21 10:39:59 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-21 10:39:59 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - syslog
+  - monitoring
+  - networking
+---
+To let the *syslogd* also receive messages from your local network, edit the file ˋ/etc/default/syslogdˋ and modify the
+last line so that it looks like this:
+
+    SYSLOGD="-r"
+
+Restart the *sysklogd* and watch your ˋ/var/log/messagesˋ.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md

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+---
+title: NetBIOS/WINS support
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-21 10:36:55 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-21 10:45:41 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - networking
+  - netbios
+  - wins
+---
+To enable lookup of WINS-names in Ubuntu, edit the file ˋ/etc/nsswitch.confˋ and find the line:
+
+    hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
+
+Append ˋwinsˋ to the end of the line so that it looks like this:
+
+    hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 wins
+
+From now on you can also use NetBIOS names to address PCs in your LAN.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-evolution-clamav.md

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+---
+title: Evolution/ClamAV integration
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-23 18:46:33 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-23 18:46:33 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+  - security
+  - evolution
+  - clamav
+  - antivirus
+---
+To scan incoming mails for viruses, create to following script somewhere in your system:
+
+{% highlight bash %}
+#!/bin/bash
+# Fred Blaise <chapeaurouge AT madpenguin DOT org>
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
+# MA 02111-1307 USA
+
+FILE=/tmp/$$_outclam.tmp
+clamdscan - 1>$FILE
+
+if [ $? -eq 1 ]; then
+STRING=$(grep "FOUND" $FILE |cut -d: -f2)
+zenity --warning --title="Evolution: Virus detected" --text="$STRING" &
+
+exit 1
+fi
+
+exit 0
+{% endhighlight %}
+
+Now setup Evolution's Incoming mail filters to pipe mails through your newly created script. If the return value is not
+zero, a virus was detected and you might want to move the mail to *Trash* or a special folder.

know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md

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+---
+title: Optimizing Linux
+layout: default
+created: 2008-08-05 16:45:57 +0200
+updated: 2008-08-23 18:48:33 +0200
+toc: false
+tags:
+  - know-how
+  - software
+  - linux
+---
+At [Ubuntu Unleashed](http://www.ubuntu-unleashed.com/2008/04/tweak-and-optimize-ubuntu-linux-boot.html) you can find a
+document about different settings to optimize startup times of the system and applications itself.
+
+The ˋnoatimeˋ and ˋnodiratimeˋ settings are unneccessary in Hardy as the default option ˋrelatimeˋ only updates the
+*access time* if the file has been modified after the last access timestamp.
+
+You can enable the full power of the [upstart](https://launchpad.net/upstart) manager by enabling multi-threading.
+In ˋ/etc/init.d/rcˋ at line 24, set ˋCONCURRENCY=shellˋ. But beware of slight problems upon booting. Some services might
+be started before depending services are. Also some lines upon startup are printed twice. If you have problems
+getting your machine up and running, change it back to ˋnoneˋ.
+
+Another nice feature is adding the ˋprofileˋ option to the kernel line upon boot. The bootup will take longer than
+usual but the readahead-daemon will catalog all needed files and on the next boot (without that parameter), all needed
+files will be preloaded before boot.
+
+On Desktops with much RAM, the ˋ[preload](http://sf.net/projects/preload)ˋ daemon also speeds up working.