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124
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md
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124
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-07-15-initscripts.md
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---
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title: event.d/init.d script
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layout: default
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created: 2008-07-15 23:49:48 +0200
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updated: 2008-07-15 23:49:48 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- system
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- initd
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- boot
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---
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event.d script
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==============
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This is an event.d-script for the new Ubuntu [Upstart](http://upstart.ubuntu.com/).
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The event gets started/respawned on runlevels 2-5. If you change to level 0, 1 or 6, the process gets stopped/killed.
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Manual start/stop works through the same commands ˋstartˋ and ˋstopˋ. With ˋstatusˋ you can check the status.
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{{{
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# manages Solr search engine
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start on runlevel [2345]
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stop on runlevel [016]
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kill timeout 30
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respawn
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script
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cd /home/sysadmin/extension/ezfind/java
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exec /usr/bin/java -jar start.jar
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end script
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}}}
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init.d script
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=============
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This does the same using the traditional init.d-way.
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After creation of the script in ˋ/etc/init.dˋ you also have to make the symlinks in the ˋrc.2ˋ..ˋrc.5ˋ-directories.
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{% highlight bash %}
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#!/bin/sh
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### BEGIN INIT INFO
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# Provides: solr
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# Required-Start:
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# Required-Stop:
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# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
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# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
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# Short-Description: start Solr daemon
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### END INIT INFO
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# Defaults
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RUN_MODE="daemons"
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JAVA=/usr/bin/java
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DAEMONDIR=/home/sysadmin/extension/ezfind/java
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DAEMON=start.jar
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PIDDIR=/var/run
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SOLRPID=$PIDDIR/solr.pid
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# See if the daemon is there
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test -x $JAVA -a -x $DAEMONDIR/$DAEMON || exit 0
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. /lib/lsb/init-functions
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case "$1" in
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start)
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log_daemon_msg "Starting Solr daemon"
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log_progress_msg "solr"
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# Make sure we have our PIDDIR, even if it's on a tmpfs
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install -o root -g root -m 755 -d $PIDDIR
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if ! start-stop-daemon --start --chdir $DAEMONDIR --quiet --pidfile $SOLRPID --make-pidfile --background --exec $JAVA -- -jar $DAEMON; then
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log_end_msg 1
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exit 1
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fi
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log_end_msg 0
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;;
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stop)
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log_daemon_msg "Stopping Solr daemon"
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log_progress_msg "solr"
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start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $SOLRPID
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# Wait a little and remove stale PID file
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sleep 1
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if [ -f $SOLRPID ] && ! ps h `cat $SOLRPID` > /dev/null
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then
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# Stale PID file (solr was succesfully stopped),
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# remove it
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rm -f $SOLRPID
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fi
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log_end_msg 0
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;;
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restart|force-reload)
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$0 stop
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sleep 1
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$0 start
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;;
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status)
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pidofproc -p $SOLRPID $JAVA >/dev/null
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status=$?
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if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
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log_success_msg "SOLR is running"
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else
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log_failure_msg "SOLR is not running"
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fi
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exit $status
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;;
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*)
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echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/solr {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
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exit 1
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;;
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esac
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exit 0
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{% endhighlight %}
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---
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title: Partition Numbering
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-07 22:13:23 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-07 22:13:23 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- hdd
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- partitioning
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---
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After removal of the first primary partition, you might notice, that the names of the remaining partitions didn't
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change. ˋ/dev/sda2ˋ stays ˋ/dev/sda2ˋ. To renumber the partition, use ˋfdiskˋ and create a new primary partition no. 1
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which is located behind ˋsda2ˋ. You might want to delete your swap partition, create a new one in partition slot no. 1.
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Now enter the expert menu of fdisk and type <kbd>f</kbd> to fix the partition table. The partitions will be renumbered
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according to their position on disk. After that delete the temporary partition and re-create your swap. Don't forget to
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write the new partition table to disk.
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Afterwards, update your ˋ/boot/grub/menu.lstˋ, maybe ˋ/etc/fstabˋ and do a ˋgrub-installˋ.
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---
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title: MC Startup Delay
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-13 22:36:06 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-13 22:36:06 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- mc
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---
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If Midnight Commander needs several seconds to startup, check the ˋinterfacesˋ line in your ˋsmb.confˋ. According to [this page](http://osdir.com/ml/gnome.apps.mc.general/2006-09/msg00057.html),
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the built-in Samba code of *mc* is outdated and doesn't recognize device names like ˋeth0ˋ or ˋloˋ as the newer
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*smbclient* does. So it tries to resolve those into IPs which takes ages until they time out.
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Replace the devices by their respective netmasks (e.g. ˋ192.168.1.0/24ˋ) and *mc* will startup instantly.
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65
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md
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know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-13-wol.md
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---
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title: Wake-on-LAN
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-13 22:18:28 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-13 22:18:28 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- networking
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---
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Preparing to go asleep
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======================
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To make Linux not shut down the network interface upon *halt*, edit the file ˋ/etc/init.d/haltˋ, find the line with the
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ˋhaltˋ command and remove the parameter ˋ-iˋ if there. This parameter does ˋifdownˋ on all networking interfaces. As the
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manpage for *halt* states, this is unneccessary for newer kernels - also it disables WOL.
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The second step is to make sure, your card supports WOL. To find out, issue the ˋsudo ethtool eth0ˋ command. You should
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get something like this:
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{{{
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Settings for eth0:
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Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
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Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
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100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
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Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
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Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
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100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
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Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
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Speed: 10Mb/s
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Duplex: Half
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Port: MII
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PHYAD: 1
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Transceiver: internal
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Auto-negotiation: on
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Supports Wake-on: g
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Wake-on: g
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Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
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Link detected: no
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}}}
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The important lines are the ˋSupports Wake-onˋ and ˋWake-onˋ ones. The "ˋgˋ" means it is enabled for MagicPacket™.
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If not, you should manually call the command:
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ethtool -s eth0 wol g
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This should enable WOL for the card. If this works, you have to issue this command after every bootup as the state will
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be back to disabled then. You might want to create a startup script.
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Waking remote PCs
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=================
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The simple way is to use ˋwakeonlanˋ which only supports MagicPacket™.
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For a PC in a Class C network, use a call like this:
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wakeonlan -i 192.168.1.255 de:ad:be:ef:ca:fe
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This would send the packet to the 192.168.1.x subnet and the PC with the specified MAC address should wake up.
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**Note:** Some nVidia chipsets require the MAC address to be specified in reverse order. In the example this would
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be ˋfe:ca:ef:be:ad:deˋ.
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---
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title: Updating X11 Fontcache
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-15 11:14:03 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-15 11:14:03 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- fonts
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---
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After adding some fonts to the ˋ/usr/share/fontsˋ directories, you have to re-login to see the added fonts. To update
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the fontcache without a log-cycle, use the following command:
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sudo fc-cache -fv
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20
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md
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know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-syslogd-for-lan.md
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---
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title: SyslogD for LAN
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-21 10:39:59 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-21 10:39:59 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- syslog
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- monitoring
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- networking
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---
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To let the *syslogd* also receive messages from your local network, edit the file ˋ/etc/default/syslogdˋ and modify the
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last line so that it looks like this:
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SYSLOGD="-r"
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Restart the *sysklogd* and watch your ˋ/var/log/messagesˋ.
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23
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md
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23
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-21-wins.md
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---
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title: NetBIOS/WINS support
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-21 10:36:55 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-21 10:45:41 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- networking
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- netbios
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- wins
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---
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To enable lookup of WINS-names in Ubuntu, edit the file ˋ/etc/nsswitch.confˋ and find the line:
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hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
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Append ˋwinsˋ to the end of the line so that it looks like this:
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hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4 wins
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From now on you can also use NetBIOS names to address PCs in your LAN.
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---
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title: Evolution/ClamAV integration
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-23 18:46:33 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-23 18:46:33 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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- security
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- evolution
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- clamav
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- antivirus
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---
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To scan incoming mails for viruses, create to following script somewhere in your system:
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{% highlight bash %}
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#!/bin/bash
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# Fred Blaise <chapeaurouge AT madpenguin DOT org>
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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# (at your option) any later version.
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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# GNU General Public License for more details.
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
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# MA 02111-1307 USA
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FILE=/tmp/$$_outclam.tmp
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clamdscan - 1>$FILE
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if [ $? -eq 1 ]; then
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STRING=$(grep "FOUND" $FILE |cut -d: -f2)
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zenity --warning --title="Evolution: Virus detected" --text="$STRING" &
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exit 1
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fi
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exit 0
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{% endhighlight %}
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Now setup Evolution's Incoming mail filters to pipe mails through your newly created script. If the return value is not
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zero, a virus was detected and you might want to move the mail to *Trash* or a special folder.
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27
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md
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27
know-how/software/linux/_posts/2008-08-23-optimizing.md
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---
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title: Optimizing Linux
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layout: default
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created: 2008-08-05 16:45:57 +0200
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updated: 2008-08-23 18:48:33 +0200
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toc: false
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- linux
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---
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At [Ubuntu Unleashed](http://www.ubuntu-unleashed.com/2008/04/tweak-and-optimize-ubuntu-linux-boot.html) you can find a
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document about different settings to optimize startup times of the system and applications itself.
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The ˋnoatimeˋ and ˋnodiratimeˋ settings are unneccessary in Hardy as the default option ˋrelatimeˋ only updates the
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*access time* if the file has been modified after the last access timestamp.
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You can enable the full power of the [upstart](https://launchpad.net/upstart) manager by enabling multi-threading.
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In ˋ/etc/init.d/rcˋ at line 24, set ˋCONCURRENCY=shellˋ. But beware of slight problems upon booting. Some services might
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be started before depending services are. Also some lines upon startup are printed twice. If you have problems
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getting your machine up and running, change it back to ˋnoneˋ.
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Another nice feature is adding the ˋprofileˋ option to the kernel line upon boot. The bootup will take longer than
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usual but the readahead-daemon will catalog all needed files and on the next boot (without that parameter), all needed
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files will be preloaded before boot.
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On Desktops with much RAM, the ˋ[preload](http://sf.net/projects/preload)ˋ daemon also speeds up working.
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