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376 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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created: 2016-03-05 00:36:55 +0100
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layout: redirect
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layout_old: default
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redirect_to: https://blog.mbirth.de/archives/2016/03/05/ipxe-scripts-for-tools.html
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tags:
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- know-how
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- software
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- ipxe
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- network
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- booting
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title: iPXE Scripts for Tools
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toc: true
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updated: 2016-03-05 00:36:55 +0100
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---
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Most tools you want to boot are probably Linux systems. To boot them, you need
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a *kernel* and some (initial) filesystem. One way is to load an *initrd*
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(initial ramdisk) which contains only the basic stuff and mounts the big
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filesystem itself. Or you can mount the "big" filesystem directly and use that
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from the beginning.
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You can find my current config [here](https://github.com/mbirth/ipxe-config).
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And below you'll find detailed instructions for those tools.
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{: width="400px"}
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Bootstrap
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=========
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For general preparation, I fill some variables with architecture relevant data,
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e.g. if the system is 32bit or 64bit. And to spice things up, I also have a few
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variables with colour codes. This is the code I use:
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```
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set esc:hex 1b
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set bold ${esc:string}[1m
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set orange ${esc:string}[33;0m
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set yellow ${esc:string}[33;1m
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set cyan ${esc:string}[36;1m
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set resetfg ${esc:string}[39m
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set resetbg ${esc:string}[49m
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set resetbold ${esc:string}[22m
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set reset ${esc:string}[0m
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# Figure out if client is 64-bit capable
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cpuid --ext 29 && set arch x86_64 || set arch x86
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cpuid --ext 29 && set archb 64 || set archb 32
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cpuid --ext 29 && set archl x86_64 || set archl i386
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set chotkey ${bold}
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set cname ${orange}
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```
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Also, `${boot-url}` is the URL to my web server's `ipxe` directory where
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everything is located.
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AVG Rescue CD
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=============
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To run the [AVG Rescue CD](http://www.avg.com/ww-en/avg-rescue-cd), you need
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these files from the ISO image:
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* `isolinux/vmlinuz`
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* `isolinux/initrd.lzm`
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Then use this iPXE configuration:
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}AVG Rescue CD${reset}
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set base-url ${boot-url}avg/
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kernel ${base-url}vmlinuz max_loop=255 init=linuxrc vga=ask reboot=bios
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initrd ${base-url}initrd.lzm
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boot || goto failed
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```
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BitDefender Rescue CD
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=====================
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For the [BitDefender Rescue CD](http://www.bitdefender.com/support/how-to-create-a-bitdefender-rescue-cd-627.html)
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you need to unpack the ISO image to some directory and make that available via
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NFS.
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Also, you need the files:
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* `boot/kernel.x86_64-efi`
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* `boot/kernel.i386-pc`
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* `boot/initfs.x86_64-efi`
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* `boot/initfs.i386-pc`
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Rename them to remove the `-pc` and `-efi` suffixes, then use this iPXE config
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(adapt to your needs, esp. the `nfsroot` parameter):
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}BitDefender Rescue CD${reset} (${archl})
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set base-url ${boot-url}bitdefender/
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kernel ${base-url}kernel.${archl} root=/dev/nfs real_root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=172.16.254.1:/volume1/web/ipxe/bitdefender/cd/ ip=${ip} loop=/rescue/livecd.squashfs looptype=squashfs livecd.nfsif=${mac} initrd udev cdroot nosplash lang=en
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initrd ${base-url}initfs.${archl}
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boot || goto failed
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```
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CloneZilla
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==========
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Download [CloneZilla](http://clonezilla.org/downloads/download.php?branch=stable)
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as a zip package. Download both architecture versions (`amd64` and `i686`). From
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the zip files, you need these files (per architecture):
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* `live/vmlinuz`
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* `live/initrd.img`
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* `live/filesystem.squashfs` --- "big" filesystem
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* `live/Clonezilla-Live-Version` --- version marker
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Put these files into a directory `x86_64` for the `amd64` variant, and `x86` for
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the `i686` variant.
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Then use this iPXE config (notice the `${arch}` in the `base-url`):
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}Clonezilla${reset} (${arch})
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set base-url ${boot-url}clonezilla/${arch}/
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kernel ${base-url}vmlinuz boot=live union=overlay username=user config components noswap edd=on nomodeset nodmraid noeject locales= keyboard-layouts= ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general" ocs_live_extra_param="" ocs_live_batch=no vga=normal net.ifnames=0 nosplash i915.blacklist=yes radeonhd.blacklist=yes nouveau.blacklist=yes vmwgfx.enable_fbdev=1 fetch=${base-url}filesystem.squashfs
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initrd ${base-url}initrd.img
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boot || goto failed
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```
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DFSee
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=====
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For [DFSee](http://www.dfsee.com/) the easiest way is to load the whole ISO
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image into RAM and boot it from there.
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}DFSee${reset}
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kernel ${boot-url}memdisk iso raw
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initrd ${boot-url}dfsee/dfsee.iso
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boot || goto failed
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#sanboot --no-describe --drive 0x00 ${sanboot-url}dfsee/dfsee.iso
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```
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(The `sanboot` line didn't work for me for some reason. That's why I used
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[memdisk](http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=MEMDISK) instead.)
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FSecure
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=======
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Getting the [F-Secure Rescue CD](https://www.f-secure.com/en/web/labs_global/rescue-cd)
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to boot via the network is a bit more complicated (if you want to avoid using
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`memdisk`).
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From the ISO image, you need the following:
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* `boot/isolinux/fsecure/linux` --- kernel
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* `boot/isolinux/fsecure/minirt.gz` --- init ramdisk
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* `KNOPPIX/` --- folder with the remaining system files
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Then proceed according to [this](http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=WDSLINUX#F-Secure_Antivirus_Rescue_CD):
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* Copy the extracted `minirt.gz` file and `KNOPPIX/` folder to a temporary
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location on a linux machine (e.g. `/root/tmp`)
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* In the `/root/tmp` location create a folder called `fsecure` and change
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into this directory
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mkdir /root/tmp/fsecure
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cd /root/tmp/fsecure
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* Type the following command and press enter (this extracts all the files from
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the `minirt.gz` file)
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gunzip -c ../minirt.gz | cpio -idv
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* Copy the `KNOPPIX` folder to the `mnt-system` folder (from the now extracted
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`minirt.gz`)
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cp -r ../KNOPPIX mnt-system
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* Make a backup copy of the `init` file
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cp init init.orig
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* Edit the `init` file with the following modifications
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* Find the `# findknoppix devices...` section and delete everything from the
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`findknoppix()` method and replace it by `return 0`
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Change
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```bash
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# findknoppix devices...
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findknoppix(){
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local dev
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for dev in "$@"; do
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[ -b "$dev" ] || continue
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echo -n -e "\r${CRE}${BLUE}${SEARCHINGFOR} $DISTRO in: ${MAGENTA}$dev${NORMAL} "
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trymount "$dev" /mnt-system >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
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if [ -r /mnt-system/"$knoppix_dir"/KNOPPIX ] ; then
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# We must have also fsecure structure present else we might try to mount something wrong.
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if [ -d /mnt-system/fsecure/rescuecd ] || [ -d /mnt-system/boot/isolinux/fsecure ] ; then
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echo -e "\r${CRE}${GREEN}$DISTRO ${FOUNDAT}: ${MAGENTA}$dev${NORMAL} "
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return 0
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fi
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fi
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umount /mnt-system
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done
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return 1
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}
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```
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into
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```bash
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# findknoppix devices...
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findknoppix(){
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return 0
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}
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```
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* Compress everything back into a file again by typing the following and
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press enter
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find . -print | cpio -o -H newc |gzip -9 -c - > ../minirt.gz.new
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* Copy the new `minirt.gz.new` to the `fsecure` directory on the web server
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and name it `minirt.gz`
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* Copy the `linux` kernel to the same directory
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This is the iPXE boot code:
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}F-Secure Rescue CD${reset}
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set base-url ${boot-url}fsecure/
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kernel ${base-url}linux ramdisk_size=100000 lang=en vt.default_utf8=0 apm=power-off vga=normal nomce loglevel=1 nolapic_timer nosound console=tty10 video=noblank
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initrd ${base-url}minirt.gz
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boot || goto failed
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```
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G4L - Ghost for Linux
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=====================
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For [G4L](https://sourceforge.net/projects/g4l/) extract these files from the
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iso image:
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* `ramdisk.lzma`
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* `bz4x2.8` --- kernel 4x2.8, seems to be more compatible than the others
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(You can try different kernel versions if you run into problems.)
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Here's the iPXE config:
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}G4L - Ghost for Linux${reset}
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set base-url ${boot-url}g4l/
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kernel ${base-url}bz4x2.8
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initrd ${base-url}ramdisk.lzma
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boot || goto failed
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```
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g4u - ghosting for unix
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=======================
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I tried to boot [g4u](http://www.feyrer.de/g4u/) directly, but that didn't work
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for me. So the easiest way is to load the whole ISO into RAM and boot it from
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there - just as if you inserted the CD.
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}g4u - ghosting for unix${reset}
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set base-url ${boot-url}g4u/
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#kernel ${base-url}netbsd
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#initrd ${base-url}miniroot.kmod
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kernel ${boot-url}memdisk iso raw
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initrd ${base-url}g4u-2.5.iso
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boot || goto failed
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```
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GParted Live
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============
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Just like with CloneZilla, you can download [GParted Live](http://gparted.org/download.php)
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as a zip file for `amd64` and `i686` architecture.
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Then get these files from each zip file and put them into directories `x86_64`
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(for `amd64`) and `x86` (for `i686`).
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* `live/GParted-Live-Version`
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* `live/vmlinuz`
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* `live/initrd.img`
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* `live/filesystem.squashfs`
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This is the iPXE config I use:
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}GParted Live${reset} (${arch})
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set base-url ${boot-url}gparted/${arch}/
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kernel ${base-url}vmlinuz boot=live union=overlay username=user config components noswap noeject ip= net.ifnames=0 nosplash fetch=${base-url}filesystem.squashfs
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initrd ${base-url}initrd.img
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boot || goto failed
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```
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HDT - Hardware Detection Tool
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=============================
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[HDT](http://www.hdt-project.org/) comes as a small floppy image and can be
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booted using the `sanboot` command.
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}Hardware Detection Tool${reset}
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sanboot --no-describe --drive 0x00 ${sanboot-url}hdt/hdt.img || goto failed
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```
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Memtest86 V6
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============
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[Memtest86](http://www.memtest86.com/) comes as a usb flash drive image which
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you can boot using [memdisk](http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php?title=MEMDISK).
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}Memtest86 V6${reset}
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kernel ${boot-url}memdisk
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initrd ${boot-url}memtest86-6/memtest86-usb.img
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boot || goto failed
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#sanboot --no-describe --drive 0x00 ${sanboot-url}memtest86-6/memtest86-usb.img
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```
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(Again, `sanboot` didn't work for me.)
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Memtest86+ V5
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=============
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[Memtest86+](http://www.memtest.org/) is the free and open-source alternative
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to Memtest86. This is distributed as a ready-to-boot binary.
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}Memtest86+ V5${reset}
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boot ${boot-url}memtest86+/memtest86+.bin || goto failed
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```
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SystemRescueCD
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==============
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For the [SysRescCD](https://www.system-rescue-cd.org/), you need the
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following files from the ISO image:
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* `sysrcd.dat` --- "big" filesystem
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* `sysrcd.md5` --- checksum to validate the sysrcd.dat
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* `isolinux/rescue32` --- kernel for 32bit systems
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* `isolinux/rescue64` --- kernel for 64bit systems
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* `isolinux/initram.igz` --- initial ramdisk
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Copy those to a directory `sysresccd` on your web server (where the `boot.ipxe`
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is).
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SysRescCD looks for the "big" filesystem for itself. You just have to point it
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into the right direction with the `netboot` parameter.
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```
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echo Booting ${cname}SystemRescueCD${reset} (${archb})
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set base-url http://diskstation:80/ipxe/sysresccd/
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kernel ${base-url}isolinux/rescue${archb}
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initrd ${base-url}isolinux/initram.igz
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imgargs rescue${archb} setkmap=de dodhcp netboot=${base-url}sysrcd.dat
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boot || goto failed
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``` |